Does Biology Drive Child Penalties? Evidence from Biological and Adoptive Families
نویسندگان
چکیده
This paper investigates whether the impact of children on labor market outcomes women relative to men—child penalties—can be explained by biological links between mother and child. We estimate child penalties in adoptive families using event studies around arrival almost 40 years adoption data from Denmark. Short-run are slightly larger for mothers than mothers, but their long-run virtually identical precisely estimated. suggests that biology is not a key driver child-related gender gaps. (JEL J12, J13, J16)
منابع مشابه
Influence of Nutrition and Lifestyle on Bone Mineral Density in Children From Adoptive and Biological Families
BACKGROUND The precise contributions of hereditary and environmental factors to bone density are not known. We compared lifestyle predictors of bone density among adopted and biological children. METHODS The study comprised 18 adopted children (mean [SD] age, 14.0 [4.1] years) with their non-biological parents and 17 children with their biological parents. Bone mineral density (BMD; g/cm(2)) ...
متن کاملDoes Being Reputable Drive Customer Equity? Evidence from E-Commerce
Reputation stems from overall assessments of an e-business’ standing, according to various stakeholders, and it affects key customer outcomes. Despite burgeoning literature on the correlates of the customer-based reputation of e-commerce companies (ECCR), scarce research examines how reputation affects monetary outcomes. To extend existing literature on ECCR outcomes, this study focuses on cust...
متن کاملLongitudinal associations between marital instability and child sleep problems across infancy and toddlerhood in adoptive families.
This study examined the longitudinal association between marital instability and child sleep problems at ages 9 and 18 months in 357 families with a genetically unrelated infant adopted at birth. This design eliminates shared genes as an explanation for similarities between parent and child. Structural equation modeling indicated that T1 marital instability predicted T2 child sleep problems, bu...
متن کاملDoes child gender affect marital status? Evidence from Australia
Pooling microdata from five Australian censuses, I explore the relationship between child gender and parents’ marital status. By contrast with the USA, I find no evidence that the gender of the first child has a significant impact on the decision to marry or divorce. However, among two-child families, parents with two children of the same sex are 1.7 percentage points less likely to be married ...
متن کاملAdoptive Gay Father Families: Parent–Child Relationships and Children's Psychological Adjustment
Findings are presented on a U.K. study of 41 gay father families, 40 lesbian mother families, and 49 heterosexual parent families with an adopted child aged 3-9 years. Standardized interview and observational and questionnaire measures of parental well-being, quality of parent-child relationships, child adjustment, and child sex-typed behavior were administered to parents, children, and teacher...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The American economic review
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2640-205X', '2640-2068']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1257/aeri.20200260